Medication Reconciliation and Nursing Competency Failures
Summary
Nursing competencies were not maintained, and multiple medication transcription and administration errors occurred for several residents. Review of hospital discharge orders, the EHR, and staff interviews showed that the facility failed to accurately reconcile and process orders, failed to ensure ordered medications were continued or adjusted as prescribed, and had gaps in documentation and staff awareness of resident conditions and medication changes. For one resident with hypertension and diabetes, staff failed to implement a prescribed increase in a blood pressure medication after a hospital discharge, and the resident had uncontrolled hypertension over the next three months. The facility also failed to process orders for corrective insulin and did not discontinue an oral diabetic medication that the hospital physician had noted was contraindicated because of kidney function. The Administrator later stated that a review found a frequency adjustment had been missed during reconciliation, but the missed diabetic medication orders were not addressed in that communication. For another resident, hospital discharge orders placing diabetes and other medications on hold were not communicated to the ARNP, and transcription errors led staff to discontinue three diabetes-related medications, an antihypertensive, an antihyperlipidemia medication, and an antidepressant. Lab results later showed a blood glucose of 352, and the ARNP signed the results and indicated she would address them at her next visit, but the facility could not provide documentation that the labs were addressed. The resident was later hospitalized with a blood glucose of 1200. Interviews showed the ARNP, DON, and nursing staff were unaware of the resident's condition or medication status, and staff stated they did not know he was diabetic or did not check blood sugars during their employment. For a third resident admitted with necrotizing fasciitis and sepsis, a nurse manager entered four medication transcription errors into the EHR. Two errors were corrected during a double-check, but the incorrect antibiotic and narcotic orders were processed. The antibiotic was entered at half the prescribed dose and the narcotic at double the prescribed dose. The nurse manager and ARNP later confirmed that the dosage amount was not discussed during the phone call about the allergy warning and order duration. The resident and family also reported concerns about untimely medication administration, medications being left at the bedside without explanation, delayed processing of a requested medication change, limited bathing, and catheter and wound care concerns.
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