Failure to Complete Required Neurological Assessments After Falls
Summary
The facility failed to ensure residents received care and treatment in accordance with professional standards of practice when nursing staff did not provide appropriate neurological assessments after falls with potential head injury for three residents. The facility policy required observation and documentation after falls, including monitoring for headache, altered consciousness, unequal pupils, vomiting, bleeding, and other neurological changes, along with frequent monitoring until stable and notification of the physician for condition changes. Resident #31 had a history of vascular dementia, unsteady gait, fatigue, and falls. After a fall in the dining room, the resident hit the back of the head and had a 2.5 cm by 2.5 cm bump on the top back of the head and a 2.0 cm laceration to the left elbow. The nurse notified the physician and family, but the next day there was no progress note or follow-up documentation of the resident’s condition after the head injury and no documented neurological checks. The neurological assessment flow sheet showed some entries for consciousness, pupil response, motor function, and vital signs at several times, but the observations section for wounds, vomiting, and headache was not documented. Resident #5 had diagnoses including dementia, heart disease, anxiety, depression, and repeated falls, with moderate cognitive impairment and wheelchair use. The resident had multiple falls in which staff documented a neurological check at the time of the fall, including falls with a scraped and bruised eyebrow area, an unwitnessed fall with a bruise on the left temple, a fall with a knot on the left side of the forehead, and an unwitnessed fall with no injuries noted. In each of these events, the record did not show additional follow-up neurological checks after the initial assessment. Resident #15 had Parkinson’s disease, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, a history of fractures, and a history of falls, with severe cognitive impairment and dependence on staff for transfers and toileting. After a fall with a scraped forehead and another unwitnessed fall with a raised and bruised area around one eye near the nose, staff completed a neurological check at the time of the fall, but the record did not show additional follow-up neurological checks.
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