Failure to Follow Medication Hold Orders and Document Refusal of Hospital Transfer
Summary
Facility staff failed to provide treatment and care according to physician orders for a resident with a history of DVT, pulmonary embolism, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The resident was admitted with an order for Eliquis to be held until bleeding resolved, and the DON stated the medication was held because of bleeding in the resident’s leg. However, the record showed no documentation that the ordered monitoring for bleeding was placed in the physician order or TAR, and there was no documentation that the resident’s left lower extremity was monitored for bleeding. The DON stated the nurses were expected to follow up with the physician when Eliquis needed to be resumed, but the medication was not given from May through October and there was no evidence of follow-up to clarify restart instructions. The resident later developed extensive bilateral DVT. A Doppler report showed extensive DVT from the posterior tibial veins to the common femoral veins, and the ED note documented bilateral lower extremity swelling and tenderness with extensive DVTs, both occlusive and nonocclusive, through the bilateral common femoral veins through the popliteal veins. The resident stated the doctor had taken her off Eliquis in April and that she went to the hospital in October because of blood clots in her legs. The facility policy for medications on hold included nursing responsibilities to assess for bleeding and clarify the restart date and conditions. Facility staff also failed to document or explain the risks and benefits of refusing transfer to the ACH for a resident who complained of chest pain and other symptoms. The resident, who had a history of chronic pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation, and dementia but had a BIMS score of 15 and was documented as having capacity to make healthcare decisions, reported chest pain, left arm pain, feeling hot, nausea, and vomiting, and appeared pale and clammy. The MD ordered transfer to the ACH, but the resident refused. The DON stated there was no documentation that the licensed nurses explained the risks and benefits of refusing the hospital transfer, and the progress notes did not show that the risks of refusal were explained. The resident was then monitored over the following days and later developed worsening symptoms, including midsternal chest pain, nausea and vomiting, fluctuating O2 levels, poor oral intake, pale appearance, and cold extremities, leading to transfer to the hospital for further evaluation.
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