Failure to Timely Assess and Monitor Change in Condition
Summary
The facility failed to implement and operationalize policies and procedures to ensure timely and comprehensive assessment, treatment, and documentation for change in condition for two residents. For one resident with a history that included CKD, anemia, BPH, and subdural hemorrhage, the record and interviews showed a decline in mental status from being alert and oriented to being confused, hallucinating, and increasingly weak with poor intake and dehydration. Family reported repeated concerns about a possible UTI and asked staff to test for one, but the UA was not obtained until later, and the record showed no UA order was present on the earlier date when symptoms were first documented. Nursing notes documented confusion, hallucinations, poor appetite, and decreased oral intake, while vital signs were not obtained daily or with the change in condition. The resident was later transferred to the hospital with altered mental status, low blood pressure, and no response to fluids and antibiotics, and the hospital diagnosed septic shock secondary to UTI, AKI superimposed on CKD, dehydration, and metabolic encephalopathy. The resident died in the hospital, and the death certificate listed septic shock due to UTI. For the second resident, who had CHF, atrial fibrillation, CKD, diabetes, and moderate cognitive impairment, the record showed an order for BMP monitoring every two weeks, but the required BMP was not completed on the scheduled date. The resident had been receiving diuretics and potassium supplementation, including Lasix, spironolactone, torsemide, metolazone, and potassium chloride, and had prior lab results showing abnormal sodium, BUN, and creatinine values. Family stated the facility did not catch the potassium level and believed the kidneys shut down because the resident’s potassium levels were not being monitored. The resident was transferred to the hospital for shortness of breath and later died after hospitalization. Interviews with nursing staff, the DON, the Administrator, and the provider showed inconsistent understanding of urinary output documentation, lack of a defined policy for output monitoring and change in condition, and uncertainty about when to notify the provider. Staff described documenting urine output as small, medium, or large without a shared definition or training, and the DON and Administrator stated they did not know what those terms meant for urine output. The provider and NP stated they would expect notification for decreased or absent urine output and hallucinations, and the NP stated the delay in care did not make sense. The record also showed inconsistent documentation of mental status, urine output, and vital signs across nursing and provider notes.
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