Failure to Obtain STAT Elbow X‑Ray and Notify Physician After Fall
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to ensure a resident received timely treatment and care in accordance with physician orders and professional standards following a fall. The resident was an elderly female with dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and a history of a right humerus fracture, who was non‑ambulatory and dependent on staff for movement and dressing. She had a documented high risk for falls and an existing fall care plan that included general fall‑prevention interventions, but this care plan was not revised with any new interventions after her fall on the evening in question. On that evening, the resident sustained an unwitnessed fall from her wheelchair in the hallway, resulting in a right cheek laceration, a forehead bruise, and right elbow pain. The DON assessed the resident, documented the injuries and right elbow pain, and notified the physician, who ordered a STAT right elbow x‑ray. The STAT x‑ray order was entered into the x‑ray company portal that night. Despite the STAT order, the x‑ray was not completed while the resident remained in the facility. Progress notes the following day documented that the resident continued to have right elbow pain, described as intermittent and associated with movement, and that she had swelling and bruising from the elbow down most of the arm. Nursing staff administered PRN acetaminophen and other ordered pain medications, elevated the arm, and performed neuro checks, but did not verify that the ordered STAT x‑ray had been done. One LVN assumed the x‑ray had been completed when the x‑ray company came for another patient and did not direct the technician to the resident or follow up at that time. When the LVN later realized the order had been missed, she placed another order and called the x‑ray company multiple times as they gave changing estimated times of arrival, but she did not notify the physician that the STAT x‑ray had not been completed. Overnight and into the next morning, another LVN documented that the x‑ray remained pending despite repeated calls to the radiology company, and that the resident continued to complain of right arm pain with movement, with noted pain, swelling, and bruising. This nurse attempted to call the physician once without receiving a response and did not make additional attempts or escalate beyond that single call, despite facility policy requiring further attempts and emergency action if a physician did not return a call within a reasonable time. The DON was aware the x‑ray had not been done on her shift and reported passing this information to the day nurse, but there was no documented physician notification that the STAT imaging was not obtained. The resident was ultimately transferred to the hospital two days after the fall, with documentation that the ordered x‑ray had not been done and that she continued to complain of right elbow pain. Hospital records showed she required surgery for an open reduction internal fixation of a distal humerus fracture. The physician later stated he had ordered a STAT elbow x‑ray, expected it to be done right away, and was not informed that it had not been completed until the resident was being sent to the hospital. The deficiency also includes the facility’s failure to have or follow clear procedures for STAT radiology and timely physician notification related to abnormal or pending diagnostic tests. The DON acknowledged she was not certain how soon a STAT x‑ray should be completed and that the facility did not have a specific radiology or STAT x‑ray policy at the time of the incident. Nursing staff reported they were not told what an acceptable time frame was for a STAT x‑ray, were unsure how to access facility policies, and did not know the expectations for escalating when a STAT service was delayed. The facility’s existing policies on falls and notifying the physician of a change in status required immediate assessment after a fall and physician notification for abnormal x‑ray reports, as well as repeated attempts to contact the physician and use of emergency services if the physician did not respond in a reasonable time. However, these policies were not effectively implemented in this case, as staff did not ensure the STAT x‑ray was obtained, did not timely notify the physician that the imaging was not completed, and did not promptly escalate care despite ongoing pain and visible injury to the resident’s arm.
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