Failure to Evaluate and Adjust Fall Interventions for High-Risk Residents
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to evaluate and adjust fall interventions for two residents with multiple falls, despite both being consistently assessed as high fall risk. One resident had cerebellar ataxia, autistic disorder, weakness, restlessness, agitation, and severely impaired cognition, and was dependent on staff for all ADLs. Multiple fall risk assessments over several months documented this resident as high risk for falls, and the care plan contained numerous fall-related interventions such as ensuring the call light was within reach, frequent checks when unattended, use of a mattress on the floor, wedges for positioning, Dycem and a touchpad call light, frequent comfort and positioning checks in the wheelchair, and ensuring bed brakes were locked. However, the resident continued to experience falls, including from a chair by the nurse’s station and from the bed area, and the facility did not demonstrate that it systematically evaluated the effectiveness of these interventions in preventing further falls. For this same resident, fall investigations documented specific events but did not consistently lead to thorough evaluation or new targeted interventions. One fall occurred when the resident was seated by the nurse’s station and fell over the right side of the chair; another occurred when the resident was found on the floor next to the wall and bed, with staff later educated about locking the bed. A subsequent unwitnessed fall in the hallway in front of the nurse’s desk resulted in a contusion and transfer to the emergency room. Additionally, nurse’s notes described an incident where the resident became so agitated and thrashing during a mechanical lift transfer that he got himself out of the sling, and staff discovered the bed wheels were flipped almost 180 degrees; the EMR lacked an investigation of this incident, even though administrative nursing staff later verified it should have been considered a fall. Staff interviews revealed that three CNAs sometimes assisted with lift transfers because the resident had previously fallen out of the sling and that the resident was kept near the nurse’s station due to anxiousness and agitation, but there was no documented evaluation of whether existing interventions were effective or needed modification in light of these repeated events. The second resident had diagnoses of weakness, unsteadiness on feet, hypertension, and impaired cognition, and required at least supervision or partial assistance for transfers, toileting, dressing, mobility, and ambulation. Fall risk assessments repeatedly identified this resident as high risk for falls, and the care plan included interventions such as ensuring the call light was within reach, encouraging use of the call light, placing non-skid strips in various locations, adding anti-rollbacks to the wheelchair, using Dycem in the wheelchair, assessing the toilet seat, and placing a sign in the bathroom to use the call light. Despite these measures, the resident experienced multiple falls: being found on the floor fully clothed with shoes and coat on and unable to explain what she was doing; being found on the floor with the wheelchair behind her and brakes unlocked; and sliding out of the wheelchair after leaning too far forward near the heater. The documented responses included a care plan meeting with family and an order to complete a 3-night sleep diary, but the EMR lacked documentation that the sleep diary was completed, and the care plan did not reflect the intervention of placing a bedside table in front of her when she sat by the heater. Further observation and interviews showed that staff actions did not consistently align with the resident’s assessed needs and care plan for supervision with transfers and toileting. During a direct observation, a CNA instructed the resident to wipe herself, then told her she could transfer herself from the toilet to the wheelchair and from the wheelchair to the bed, despite the resident asking for assistance multiple times and demonstrating unsteadiness, nearly missing the wheelchair seat, and having difficulty maneuvering out of the bathroom. The CNA later stated that the resident was supervised with toileting and transfers and suggested the resident only asked for help because the CNA was being observed. A nurse stated the resident was a stand-by assist and that staff should help if she needed assistance, and administrative nursing staff stated they expected staff to assist the resident when requested and acknowledged that the sleep study had not been completed and that a family conference was not an appropriate care plan intervention. Overall, the facility did not show that it evaluated the effectiveness of fall interventions or consistently implemented and documented appropriate, resident-centered fall prevention measures for these two high-risk residents, despite recurrent falls. The facility’s Falls and Fall Risk, Managing policy stated that staff, with physician input, would implement a resident-centered fall prevention plan to reduce specific risk factors, prioritize interventions when multiple options existed, and implement additional or different interventions or justify the current approach if falls recurred. In both residents’ cases, falls recurred despite existing interventions, yet the record lacked evidence of systematic evaluation of why falls continued, whether interventions were effective, or whether new or modified interventions were needed. The absence of investigation for at least one fall event, the lack of follow-through on ordered monitoring (such as the 3-night sleep diary), and the failure to incorporate observed interventions into the care plan contributed to the deficiency in ensuring the environment was free from accident hazards and that adequate supervision and assistance were provided to prevent accidents.
Penalty
Resources
Below are regulatory guidelines relevant to this citation:
Unsafe Cord Placement and Failure to Follow Fall Interventions: A resident with cognitive impairment and wheelchair use had a TV power cord stretched tightly across the closet doorway, blocking access and creating an environmental hazard when staff had to lift the cord to open the closet. Another resident with severe cognitive impairment and a fall-risk care plan repeatedly ran barefoot in the hallway while staff observed but did not consistently provide planned interventions such as gripper socks, footwear, ambulation assistance, or redirection.
A resident with impaired cognition, cancer, non-Alzheimer's dementia, extensive ADL needs, and a fall history was identified as a high fall risk with care plan interventions including removing a movable bedside table. After a fall, the resident was found using the table as a walker, yet observations showed the table still placed beside the bed on multiple occasions, including when staff were present. Staff interviews confirmed they were unaware of the current fall prevention interventions and that the table remained at bedside for meals despite the care plan.
Failure to complete a restraint assessment before using a wheelchair alarm for a resident with muscle weakness, difficulty walking, repeated falls, and dementia. The care plan included the alarm as an intervention, but the record lacked an initial Restraint Evaluation, and the CNO confirmed the assessment had not been completed before the alarm was placed.
A resident with cognitive deficits, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, fracture, and repeated falls was dependent for toileting and care planned for an EZ stand with 2-person assist. During observed transfers, staff placed the harness and straps correctly, but the resident only rose to about 135 degrees and never came to a full stand, while staff remained by the bathroom door during privacy periods and continued the transfer despite the resident not standing fully. An RN stated the resident was expected to stand straight up with the EZ stand and that staff should sit the resident back down and try again if not.
A resident with Alzheimer's disease and dementia was found wandering in the parking lot after leaving the building unsupervised. A family member visiting another resident saw her looking into car windows and alerted staff, who were not aware she had exited until the report. Staff interviews showed the resident had been seen earlier eating in the dining room, but no one was actively looking for her or knew she had left the facility.
A resident with parkinsonism and Alzheimer's disease, severe cognitive impairment, and a fall history was pushed in her wheelchair without foot pedals and was not assisted when she called out for help. Nursing notes and staff interviews showed a CNA propelled the resident multiple times without foot pedals, including one instance where her socked foot hit the floor, and staff acknowledged that foot pedals should be used when pushing a resident.
Unsafe Cord Placement and Failure to Follow Fall Interventions
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure a television power cord was properly secured and maintained so it did not create an environmental accident hazard for R46. R46’s quarterly MDS identified moderate cognitive impairment, maximum assistance needed for dressing, grooming, and toileting hygiene, moderate assistance with transfers, and wheelchair use. During observation, R46 was in his room with the television mounted on the wall between the bathroom and closet, and the power cord ran across the closet doors and across the upper drawer of the dresser to a surge protector on top of the dresser. When R46 tried to open the closet doors, the cord was stretched tightly across the doorway and prevented the doors from opening fully unless the cord was lifted away. A later observation showed NA-D had to lift the cord above the closet door to open it and retrieve clothing. NA-D stated the cord had been positioned that way for about one year and could be dangerous if R46 pulled on it, and maintenance staff stated they were only notified that day that the television needed to be fixed. The facility also failed to ensure fall interventions were followed for R13, who had severe cognitive impairment with disorganized thinking and inattention, verbal behaviors toward others, and dependence on staff for footwear and partial to moderate assistance with dressing. R13’s care plan identified her as at risk for falls and included interventions such as ambulating with the resident, encouraging gripper socks, obtaining slip-on shoes, reducing noise, offering snacks, assisting her back to her room when running in the hallway, offering a wheelchair, and redirecting her to slow down. During observations, R13 repeatedly exited her room barefoot and ran through the hallway, including multiple times over an extended period, while staff observed but did not provide gripper socks or shoes, walk with her, redirect her to slow down, or offer other care-planned interventions. Staff interviews indicated they had difficulty redirecting her because she became agitated, and the DON stated the care plan should be followed to ensure safety.
Failure to Follow Fall Prevention Care Plan
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to implement care planned interventions to prevent further falls for one resident who was reviewed for falls. The resident had moderate impaired cognition, diagnoses including cancer and non-Alzheimer's dementia, required extensive assistance with ADLs including toileting, transfers, and locomotion, and had a history of falls. The resident's care plan identified the resident as a high fall risk related to de-conditioning, cognitive deficits, and prior falls, and included interventions such as anti-rollbacks on the wheelchair, appropriate footwear, keeping a wheelchair behind the resident when ambulating, and removing the mobile bedside table from beside the bed. After a fall in which the resident was found on the floor by the room doorway with the mobile bedside table in the hallway next to him, the resident stated he had been using the table as a walker. Despite the care plan and post-fall assessment identifying removal of the mobile bedside table as an intervention, observations showed the movable bedside table still placed alongside the bed on multiple occasions, including when staff were present in the room. Staff interviews confirmed they were unaware of the current fall prevention interventions, acknowledged the table was movable, and stated it remained at the bedside to facilitate meals. The DON confirmed the table had been at the bedside and was removed only after the surveyor discussed it with staff.
Failure to complete restraint assessment before wheelchair alarm use
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to complete a restraint assessment before implementing a wheelchair alarm for Resident #18. Resident #18 was admitted with multiple diagnoses including muscle weakness, difficulty walking, repeated falls, and dementia. The care plan for impaired mobility and fall risk, dated 3/8/26, included a wheelchair alarm as an intervention. A Bed Safety and Transfer Device Evaluation dated 4/28/26 documented that the bed/chair alarm did not restrict mobility, but the record did not include an initial Restraint Evaluation dated on or around 3/8/26 to identify the comprehensive evaluation of the chair alarm. On 7/9/26, the CNO stated that a Restraint Evaluation had not been completed prior to the chair alarm being placed for Resident #18.
Inadequate Supervision During EZ Stand Transfers
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure adequate supervision and assistance for one resident during transfers with an EZ stand lift. The resident had cognitive deficits and was dependent for toileting, with diagnoses including Alzheimer's disease, dementia, fracture, and repeated falls. The care plan identified a moderate fall risk related to weakness and directed toileting with an EZ stand and 2-person assist. During observation, nursing assistants placed the harness, safety belt, straps, and loops appropriately and assisted the resident with the lift, but the resident stood only to approximately 135 degrees and never came to a full stand. On two observed transfers, staff remained by the bathroom door while the resident was given privacy, then re-entered to continue the transfer and complete care. In both observations, the resident never achieved a full standing position despite encouragement and repeated attempts. One nursing assistant stated the transfer was safe because two staff were assisting, while the RN case manager stated she expected the resident to stand straight up when transferred with the EZ stand and that staff should sit the resident back down and try again if the resident did not. The RN case manager was unaware of any concerns about the resident transferring safely with the EZ stand. Facility policy was requested but not provided.
Resident Left Unsupervised and Was Found Wandering in Parking Lot
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to recognize that a cognitively impaired resident had left the building unsupervised and was wandering in the parking lot. The resident had diagnoses including Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and anxiety disorder, and records showed she had moderately impaired cognition, walked and transferred independently, and had no documented wandering behaviors during the MDS lookback period. Although an elopement evaluation had previously concluded she was not at risk for elopement, the care plan identified confusion, impaired cognition, and lack of awareness of safety needs. On the day of the event, a family member visiting another resident saw the resident outside in the parking lot looking into car windows and walking from car to car with a jacket and pocketbook on her arm. The family member stated the resident appeared to be looking for someone and was in the middle area of the parking lot before she reported it to staff. Nurse #3 was notified and went to check on the resident, who was then brought back inside the facility. Staff interviews showed they were not actively looking for the resident and did not know she had exited the facility unsupervised until the family member reported seeing her outside. Staff accounts indicated the resident had been seen earlier in the dining room eating, but no one was aware she had left the building. Nurse #2 and NA #1 both stated they were not aware the resident was missing until the report from the family member. The administrator stated the resident exited through the front entrance doors, but it was not known whether she pushed the button behind the receptionist desk or was let out by a visitor. The previous NP stated the resident needed someone with her if she was outside the facility and could have wandered away if left alone.
Failure to Respond to Help Requests and Use Foot Pedals During Wheelchair Transport
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure a safe environment free from accident hazards for R25 when staff did not respond to her requests for help and did not provide foot pedals while propelling her wheelchair. R25 had diagnoses of parkinsonism and Alzheimer's disease, and her records documented severely impaired cognition, including a BIMS score of four on a quarterly MDS. Her care plan stated she was independent with locomotion in her manual wheelchair, but other documentation reflected a history of falls and need for staff assistance with wheelchair mobility. The care plan also lacked documentation regarding foot pedals. Nursing notes and staff interviews showed multiple instances in which R25 was pushed in her wheelchair without foot pedals. On one occasion, a CNA propelled her out of the restroom and her socked foot hit the floor when the wheelchair was pushed. On another occasion, R25 was seated in her wheelchair, holding onto the back of a recliner and calling out for help, while the CNA walked by her. The CNA later propelled R25 down the hallway without foot pedals and at one point pushed the chair and let it go. Staff interviews confirmed that residents should have foot pedals when staff are pushing them, and the CNA stated she should not push R25 without foot pedals.
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