Failure to Initiate Speech Therapy and Appropriate Dysphagia Diet Management
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to initiate and provide ordered speech therapy services and appropriate dysphagia diet management for a resident admitted with a known swallowing disorder. The resident was admitted from a rehabilitation hospital with diagnoses including cerebral infarction, right-sided hemiplegia/hemiparesis, dysphagia, aphasia, and dysarthria. The rehab hospital discharge summary documented mild oral phase deficits, coughing with thin liquids and solids, impulsivity during feeding, and an aspiration risk, with a recommendation for continued dysphagia diet (IDDSI thin liquids and minced and moist/IDDSI 5 solids), 1:1 supervision at all meals, and ongoing monitoring for signs of aspiration or pulmonary compromise. On admission, the resident’s health problems included swallowing difficulties, and the care plan and MDS documented the need for assistance with eating related to dysphagia and dysarthria. Despite this, the facility initially ordered a regular diet, then changed it to a soft bite-sized diet the evening of admission, without a speech therapy evaluation. Over the following days, the resident experienced coughing, vomiting, and thick secretions while eating, as documented in progress notes on two separate occasions, which triggered a therapy evaluation. Only after these events did the physician order a speech therapy evaluation and treatment, along with a change to a pureed diet. Interviews revealed that the DON stated speech therapy was usually ordered upon admission for residents with worsening dysphagia or modified diets but believed this resident’s dysphagia was stable or improving. The speech therapist stated that when a resident is admitted with dysphagia and on a modified diet, speech therapy should be notified to evaluate, that the facility did not offer a minced and moist diet, and that a soft and bite-sized diet represented an upgraded diet that should not be made without a speech therapy evaluation. The resident’s daughter reported that her father’s swallowing difficulties had worsened after his stroke, that he was admitted for continued therapy, and that she had filed a grievance because he was left unattended while eating despite requiring close supervision. Facility policy required a nursing-to-therapy referral for speech therapy when a resident admitted with mechanical soft or minced and moist diet orders, which was not done in this case.
Penalty
Resources
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A resident with hemiplegia, HTN, and DM had an ordered restorative nursing program for ROM, stretching, and strengthening exercises to maintain function. Survey review found the program was repeatedly missed or only partially completed over several months, and interviews showed the restorative aide was the only aide covering the whole building, could not always complete all residents’ programs, and staff were unclear who covered when she was unavailable.
Failure to identify a decline in ADLs and mobility delayed consideration of renewed rehab services for a resident with generalized muscle weakness, morbid obesity, and bilateral knee OA. After OT/PT discharge at maximum potential, later MDS assessments showed the resident still needed substantial to maximal assistance for toileting hygiene and bed mobility, but the RC was not notified of the decline and the DON stated there was no documentation that the physician was notified to consider new PT/OT evaluations.
Failure to provide quarterly therapy screening for a resident with DM2, COPD, CHF, CKD, and anxiety. The resident’s care plan called for routine therapy screening, evaluation, and treatment as ordered, but after PT/OT ended due to lack of progress and participation, the resident was not re-evaluated for therapy services. The resident reported arm weakness from being in bed and said he could use therapy, and the DTR confirmed no therapy evaluation had occurred since discharge despite the expectation for quarterly screens.
A resident with quadriplegia, DM, and COPD was ordered RNA passive ROM for all 4 extremities 4 times weekly, but restorative records showed multiple blank days and inconsistent entries for provision or refusal of care. The resident said RNA helped maintain movement, while RNA staff and the DON stated that every session or refusal should be documented in PCC to validate the service was done.
A resident with dementia, CKD, COPD, urinary retention, edema, and unsteadiness had a physician order for OT to evaluate decreased ability to feed herself, but no documented OT evaluation was completed. The family and legal guardian raised concerns about communication and feeding ability, the DON emailed OT to request the eval, and the DOR later stated the resident was delayed behind new admissions without informing the family, Administrator, or DON.
Failure to provide ordered PT/OT services for two residents. One resident had a physician order for PT for declined ADLs, but no PT eval or treatment was documented and therapy staff were unaware of the order. Another resident had repeated APRN orders for PT/OT consults for offloading needs and a properly fitted pressure-relieving cushion, but no PT/OT consult or evaluation was completed or documented.
Failure to Provide Ordered Nursing Rehab Services
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to provide nursing rehab services as ordered for one resident with intact cognition, left-sided hemiplegia, hypertension, and diabetes. The resident’s care plan directed staff to follow the nursing rehab program, and discharge and rehab follow-up recommendations identified a maintenance program that included self-range of motion, passive range of motion, stretching, and use of a seven-pound dumbbell or power web flex gripper three times a week to maintain strength and ROM in the left upper and lower extremities. Documentation showed the ordered restorative program was not completed as scheduled. The survey review found repeated gaps in both the dumbbell/gripper exercises and ROM program across February, March, April, May, June, and July 2026, with multiple weeks showing fewer than three completed sessions and some weeks showing no ROM completion at all. The resident stated the restorative nursing aide came to work on his arms, but the resident believed the exercises were occurring only once a week even though they were ordered more often. Interviews showed the restorative program was not consistently covered when the restorative nursing aide was unavailable. The restorative nursing aide stated she was the only restorative aide, was responsible for the whole building, and could not always see all residents each day because of appointments, activities, or residents staying in bed. She was unsure who covered restorative when she was off. The RN clinical coordinator was unaware who completed restorative programs when the restorative aide could not see all residents, and the DON stated that when the restorative aide was not working, the programs were supposed to be triggered for nursing assistants to complete. The DON reviewed the documentation and confirmed the restorative programs were not being done as ordered for the resident.
Failure to Identify Decline for Rehabilitative Services
Penalty
Summary
Provide or get specialized rehabilitative services as required for a resident was not ensured for one resident after a decline in ADLs and mobility. The resident had diagnoses of generalized muscle weakness, morbid obesity, and osteoarthritis of both knees. Her MDS showed she was independent in daily decision making but required substantial to maximal assistance for showering, bathing, toileting hygiene, rolling side to side in bed, and moving from lying to sitting. She had previously received OT and PT from 10/7/2025 to 12/11/2025, and both therapy discharge summaries stated she had achieved her maximum potential at discharge, with improvement to standby assistance for hygiene and grooming and standby assistance for rolling in bed, and minimal assistance for moving from lying to sitting. Later MDS assessments showed the resident continued to require substantial to maximal assistance for toileting hygiene and for rolling and moving from lying to sitting in bed. During interview, the RC stated she was not notified of the resident’s decline in hygiene tasks or mobility identified in the MDS assessments, and stated prompt notification was important so interventions could be implemented. The RC also stated that if there were a decline after therapy discharge, the resident would have benefited from renewed services and the physician could have been notified to determine whether new PT and OT evaluations were appropriate. The DON stated there was no documentation that the physician was notified of the resident’s decline in ADLs and mobility, and stated staff should have notified the physician so the care plan could be revised and the change in condition addressed.
Failure to Provide Quarterly Therapy Screening
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to provide quarterly screening for therapy services for one resident. Resident #7 was admitted with diagnoses including Type II diabetes, COPD, chronic diastolic heart failure, unspecified anxiety disorder, and unspecified chronic kidney disease. The most recent MDS showed the resident was cognitively intact, had no behaviors, did not wander, and frequently rejected care. The care plan stated the resident required assistance with ADLs and included interventions for therapy to screen routinely, evaluate, and treat as ordered. The resident received PT and OT from 09/23/25 to 10/16/25 and was discharged because of lack of progress and lack of compliance/participation in therapy. During an interview, the resident stated his arms were getting weaker from being in bed and that he could use therapy. The Director of Therapy Services confirmed the resident had not been evaluated for therapy services since discharge in October 2025 and stated each resident was supposed to be screened quarterly. The facility policy also stated quarterly facility-wide screens were conducted to identify residents who might benefit from skilled therapy.
Incomplete Documentation of Restorative Nursing ROM Services
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that Restorative Nursing Session (RNS) services were performed according to physician orders and the facility’s Resident Restorative Nursing Program Guidelines for one resident. The resident was admitted with diagnoses including quadriplegia, DM, and COPD, and the MDS indicated the resident was cognitively intact and dependent on staff for ADL care. The physician orders dated 1/27/2026 directed RNA program passive ROM exercises for the left lower extremity, right lower extremity, left upper extremity, and right upper extremity four times a week as tolerated. During interview, the resident stated he was unable to get out of bed, had limited mobility, and received RNA to help maintain movement and prevent further decline. Review of the restorative documentation for 3/2026 through 6/2026 showed multiple blank entries and inconsistent documentation of service provision or refusal. The entries included notations such as 15 minutes with resident encouragement, passive participation, and refusals, but many scheduled days had no documentation at all. RNA staff stated that blank documentation meant nothing was done and that every encounter, whether services were provided or refused, should be documented in the chart. The DON stated the facility expected RNAs to document when services were provided or not, and that documentation should occur as soon as able during the shift to validate the service was done. The DON also stated that a blank in the documentation or lack of a progress note indicated a task was not done. The facility’s policy stated that the RNA will document each session, including the type of activity performed, frequency/duration, level of assistance provided, and resident response and tolerance.
Failure to Complete Ordered OT Evaluation for Feeding Ability
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to evaluate a resident for occupational therapy services as required by a physician’s order. Resident #146 was admitted with diagnoses including unspecified dementia, chronic kidney disease stage 4, chronic embolism and thrombosis, COPD, shortness of breath, retention of urine, localized edema, and unsteadiness on feet. A quarterly MDS documented severely impaired cognition with a BIMS score of 3, maximal assistance needed for eating, oral hygiene, upper body dressing, and footwear, dependence for toileting, bathing, and personal hygiene, an indwelling urinary catheter, frequent bowel incontinence, and recent anticoagulant use. After the resident’s family member and legal guardian raised concerns about communication with the medical team and the resident’s ability to feed herself, the facility documented that an order was placed for OT to evaluate her ability to feed herself. The physician’s order directed OT to evaluate for decreased ability to feed self, but the record contained no documented evidence that OT completed the evaluation after the family meeting and order. The DON emailed OT requesting the evaluation, and the Director of Rehabilitation Services later stated the resident was placed on a list for OT evaluation but was pushed down behind new admissions and the family, Administrator, and DON were not informed.
Failure to Provide Ordered PT/OT Services
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to provide specialized rehabilitative services as ordered for two residents reviewed for therapy services. The facility policy stated that rehabilitative services are to be provided in accordance with assessment results, the comprehensive plan of care, and physician orders, and that a qualified therapist should evaluate the resident and develop a plan of care within the required timeframe after the physician’s order. For one resident, the record documented a physician order for physical therapy for declined ADLs, but the electronic health record did not show a PT evaluation or treatment, and the occupational therapist stated the resident had not received PT and the therapy department was not aware of the order until the surveyor interview. For a second resident, wound assessment and treatment orders repeatedly documented a recommendation for PT/OT for offloading needs and a properly fitted pressure-relieving cushion, but the record did not show a PT/OT consult or evaluation for the offloading needs or cushion. The physical therapist stated the resident had not had a PT or OT consultation and was not aware of the order, and the APRN stated she had been asking for PT/OT consultation for about two weeks and was not aware it had not been done.
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