Failure to Follow Weight and PRN Medication Orders
Summary
The facility failed to follow physician’s orders for daily weights and PRN Lasix for a resident with severe cognitive impairment and diagnoses including atrial fibrillation, hypertension, dementia, malnutrition, adult failure to thrive, acute kidney failure, edema, dehydration, and fluid overload. The resident had an order for Lasix 20 mg PRN for a weight gain of 3 pounds in one day or 5 pounds in one week, along with daily weights. The record showed multiple days when weights were not obtained or were documented without explanation, and when weight gains met the ordered parameters, there was no documentation that Lasix was administered. The nurses’ notes also did not show that the physician was notified of missed weights or the documented weight gains. The resident’s weight record showed repeated increases over July and August, including gains of 6.5 pounds in one week, 3 pounds in one day, 7.5 pounds in one week, 8 pounds in one week, 5 pounds in one week, 4.5 pounds in one day, 3 pounds in one day, and 5.5 pounds in one day. Despite these findings, the MAR did not show PRN Lasix being given when the order parameters were met. On observation, the resident had edema in the ankles and sock indentions in the skin from fluid accumulation. An LPN stated the resident frequently refused weights, but this was not reported to the physician, and staff were expected to compare weights to determine whether PRN medication or physician notification was needed. The facility also failed to follow weight-monitoring and notification expectations for other residents with significant weight changes. One resident with CHF and a fluid restriction had orders for monthly weights, fluid restriction, and PRN Lasix based on a 2-pound gain in 48 hours, but the record showed missing fluid intake documentation, no evidence of the ordered weight monitoring needed to evaluate the PRN Lasix parameters, and no documentation that Lasix was administered. Three other residents had weight records showing large gains or losses, including one resident with a documented 23.23% weight loss in one week, another with a 35% weight gain in one month and then a 23.15% loss in one month, and another with an 8.57% gain in one month followed by an 8.33% loss in one month. For these residents, the record showed no evidence that the weights were re-checked when they appeared inaccurate, and staff interviews confirmed that the missed weights should have been re-weighed and compared to prior weights.
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