Failure to Address Significant Weight Loss
Summary
The facility failed to ensure adequate dietary services were provided to prevent significant weight loss for one resident who had diagnoses including pneumonia, cerebral infarction, diabetes mellitus, severe morbid obesity, dementia, chronic pain syndrome, dysphagia, psychosis, and adjustment disorder with anxiety. The resident’s care plan identified her as at risk for altered nutritional status related to diabetes mellitus and a mechanically altered/therapeutic diet. Her weight declined from 323.6 pounds to 271.5 pounds in about one month, and the record documented a 13.15% weight loss. The registered dietitian noted the significant weight loss and attributed it to fluid shifts, with no further nutritional interventions documented at that time. Speech therapy later evaluated the resident because of difficulty taking medications and decreased oral intake and recommended a puree diet, which was then ordered by the physician. After the diet change, nursing notes documented that the resident’s meal intake decreased because she did not like the puree diet and that she refused to eat pureed food. The resident’s husband stated she had not been eating since the diet was changed. The resident continued to lose weight, with documented weights showing further decline to 258 pounds and then 246.8 pounds, totaling 21.05% weight loss from the earlier baseline and 23.73% over six months. The record showed delayed and limited dietary intervention after the significant weight loss was identified. The dietitian did not document ongoing monitoring or recommendations to prevent further weight loss until later, when Boost glucose control twice daily was ordered and the diet was eventually upgraded to mechanical soft with chopped meats after the resident and her husband agreed. The medical record also showed no laboratory tests were performed to evaluate nutritional status during the period of continued weight loss. Interviews with the RD, DON, NP, and Medical Director confirmed the resident’s weight loss was significant and unplanned, that the Boost twice daily was not enough to sustain her weight, and that the resident’s weight loss had not been adequately addressed when first identified.
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