Medication Administration Errors Resulting in Elevated Error Rate
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to maintain a medication error rate below 5%, with surveyors identifying 5 errors out of 27 observed opportunities, resulting in an 18.52% error rate. Facility policies required medications to be administered as prescribed, using the five rights of medication administration and employing the MAR during administration, as well as following specific procedures for eye drop administration. The manufacturer’s instructions for dorzolamide-timolol ophthalmic solution also required pressing on the inner canthus for about two minutes after instillation to limit systemic absorption. For one resident, the MAR showed orders for dorzolamide-timolol eye drops three times daily, Symbicort inhaler twice daily, and Yupelri inhalation solution once daily. During observation, a CMT who was new to the facility and being oriented by another CMT administered the resident’s oral medications and eye drops. The resident tilted their head back and the CMT applied the drops, after which the resident immediately began blinking and was given a tissue to wipe their eyes. The CMT did not press on or hold the inner canthus after instilling the eye drops, and neither CMT administered the ordered Symbicort inhaler or the Yupelri breathing treatment at that time. For another resident, the MAR showed an order for magnesium oxide 400 mg once daily and polyethylene glycol 34 g once daily. During observation, a CMT removed a 500 mg magnesium oxide tablet from a bottle on the cart, crushed all of the resident’s medications, and mixed them with pudding, and mixed the polyethylene glycol with water. A second CMT administered the crushed medications and the polyethylene glycol mixture; after one sip, the resident stated the water was too cold. The CMT then took the polyethylene glycol mixture to the bathroom, returned with warm water in the resident’s bedside cup, and later discarded the original polyethylene glycol mixture in the trash on the medication cart. Staff interviews confirmed expectations to follow the five rights, administer medications in their entirety, and that CMTs may give inhalers and breathing treatments, but also revealed uncertainty among staff, including an LPN and CMT, about which eye drops require inner canthus pressure and for how long, despite the DON’s expectation that staff know this information.
Penalty
Resources
Below are regulatory guidelines relevant to this citation:
Medication error rate exceeded the required threshold when an RN administered Amlodipine and Losartan Potassium to a resident despite a pulse below the ordered hold parameter of 60. The resident had HTN, hypotension, Parkinsonism, and moderate cognitive impairment. The RN acknowledged the error, and the DON and ADM stated they were unaware the physician orders had not been followed until after the observation.
Medication Administration Errors Exceeded Allowed Rate: The facility had a 5% med error rate based on 2 errors in 40 opportunities. During observation, an MA gave one resident guaifenesin 400 mg instead of the ordered 600 mg dose, and gave another resident cranberry 450 mg instead of the ordered 500 mg dose. The MA stated she caught one error but missed the other, while the DON said he was unsure when staff last received med admin training and the ADM expected staff to verify the correct dose before giving meds.
An LPN administered nine oral medications to a resident 1 hour and 36 minutes late, despite provider orders specifying an 8:00 AM administration time. Surveyors found nine errors in 31 medication administration opportunities, and the DON stated the expected medication window was 1 hour before and 1 hour after the ordered time.
Medication administration error rates exceeded the allowed threshold when an MA gave scheduled meds to two residents after the ordered 9:00 a.m. time. One resident had dementia, HTN, atherosclerosis, and clotting-related diagnoses and received acetaminophen, warfarin, atenolol, and enalapril late; another resident with HTN, depression, anxiety, and chronic pain received amlodipine, duloxetine, gabapentin, and Gemtesa late. Staff interviews confirmed expectations for timely administration, and the facility policy reviewed did not include a specific medication-time policy.
Medication Error Rate Exceeded Allowed Threshold: An LPN prepared and nearly administered two incorrect medications for a resident, including a BP medication without checking the resident’s BP despite a hold parameter and Meclizine at 25 mg instead of the ordered 12.5 mg. The survey found the facility’s medication error rate was 8% (2 errors out of 25 opportunities), exceeding the required rate of less than 5%.
Medication error rate exceeded the allowed threshold after surveyors found 3 errors in 25 opportunities. An RN gave insulin at an inappropriate site for a resident with DM and severe cognitive impairment, and a Med Aide failed to administer ordered eye drops and did not give the full ordered dose of a laxative for another resident with severe cognitive impairment. The DON stated staff were expected to audit and replenish carts and notify nursing if OTC meds were needed.
Medication Given Outside Ordered Vital Sign Parameters
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that its medication error rate remained below 5 percent. Surveyors found an 8 percent medication error rate based on 2 errors out of 25 opportunities, involving 1 of 3 residents reviewed for medication administration. The deficiency centered on Resident #81, an [AGE]-year-old female admitted on 03/06/2026 with diagnoses including hypotension, candidiasis, essential primary hypertension, Parkinsonism, and cognitive communication deficit. Her quarterly MDS dated 06/09/2026 showed a BIMS score of 08, indicating moderate cognitive impairment. Resident #81 had physician orders for Amlodipine 5 mg daily and Losartan Potassium 50 mg twice daily, both with instructions to hold if pulse was less than 60. During a medication administration observation, RN A checked the resident’s vital signs before giving the medications and obtained a blood pressure of 129/65 and a pulse of 57. Despite the pulse being below the ordered parameter, RN A administered both Amlodipine and Losartan Potassium and then documented the medications as given on the MAR. During interview, RN A stated the resident should not have received either medication because the pulse was below the ordered parameter and acknowledged that she made an error and did not realize the pulse was below the set parameters at the time of administration. The DON and ADM stated they were not aware the orders had not been followed until after the observation and confirmed that nursing administration was responsible for ensuring medications were given according to physician orders. The facility policy stated medications are to be administered in accordance with prescriber orders and that vital signs are checked and verified when necessary before administration.
Medication Administration Errors Exceeded Allowed Rate
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure its medication error rate was less than 5 percent. Based on observation, interview, and record review, the facility had a medication error rate of 5% based on 2 out of 40 opportunities for 2 of 4 residents reviewed for medication administration. The errors involved MA G giving Resident #56 guaifenesin 400 mg instead of the ordered Mucinex oral tablet extended release 12 hour 600 mg, and giving Resident #47 cranberry 450 mg instead of the ordered cranberry soft oral tablet chewable 500 mg. Resident #56 was a [AGE] year-old male admitted and readmitted with diagnoses including acute respiratory failure, protein-calorie malnutrition, and quadriplegia, and had a physician order for guaifenesin 600 mg once daily for cough. During medication administration observation, MA G dispensed guaifenesin 400 mg to the resident. Resident #47 was a [AGE] year-old male admitted and readmitted with diagnoses including acute respiratory failure, immunodeficiency, and neuromuscular dysfunction of bladder, and had an order for cranberry 500 mg twice daily related to neuromuscular dysfunction of bladder. During observation, MA G dispensed cranberry 450 mg to the resident. MA G stated she caught the error for Resident #56 and another nurse obtained the correct dose, but she did not notice the wrong dose for Resident #47 and stated it was her fault. The DON stated he was unsure when staff last received medication administration training and was not aware of such training during his time as DON. The ADM stated staff were expected to verify the correct dose before giving medications.
Medication Administration Timing Error Exceeded Allowed Error Rate
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure a medication error rate of less than five percent. During observation, interview, and record review, surveyors found that Staff J, an LPN, prepared and administered nine oral medications to Resident 96 at 9:36 AM even though the provider’s orders for June 2026 specified that the medications were to be given at 8:00 AM. The medications were administered one hour and 36 minutes late, and this accounted for nine errors in 31 opportunities during medication administration for 1 of 6 sampled residents reviewed for medication administration. During interview, Staff J stated nurses had up to two hours to administer medications after the ordered time, while the DON stated the medication administration time was one hour before and one hour after the specific time of the order and that the nurse’s practice did not meet expectations.
Medication Administration Times Not Followed
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that medication error rates remained below 5 percent. Surveyors observed a medication error rate of 32% based on 8 errors out of 25 opportunities, involving two residents and one medication aide during medication administration observations. The errors involved medications being administered outside the scheduled administration window for two residents. Resident #2 was an older male admitted with diagnoses including unspecified dementia, hypertensive heart disease, atherosclerosis of the aorta, and embolism and thrombosis of arteries of the extremities. His medication orders included acetaminophen, warfarin, atenolol, and enalapril, with scheduled administration times of 9:00 a.m. During observation, MA A began preparing and then administered Resident #2's medications at 10:30 a.m. to 10:36 a.m., after the scheduled time shown on the eMAR. MA A stated the medications were due at 9:00 a.m. and said she did not get there until 9:00 a.m. Resident #3 was an older female admitted with diagnoses including hypertensive heart disease, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and chronic joint pain. Her orders included amlodipine, duloxetine, gabapentin, and Gemtesa, with scheduled administration times of 9:00 a.m. for the daily medications and 9:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., and 5:00 p.m. for gabapentin. During observation, MA A prepared and administered Resident #3's medications at 10:36 a.m. to 10:40 a.m., after the scheduled 9:00 a.m. time shown on the eMAR. Interviews with LVN C, LVN B, and the DON reflected that staff were trained on medication administration times and that medications should generally be given within one hour before or after the scheduled time, with notification to the MD, DON, ADON, and family if given late. The facility's policy titled Administering Oral Medications did not include a specific policy regarding medication administration times, and the referenced Administering Medications policy was not available.
Medication Error Rate Exceeded Allowed Threshold
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to maintain a medication error rate of less than 5%, with a documented error rate of 8% based on 2 errors out of 25 opportunities. During a medication administration observation with an LPN, Resident #81’s medications were prepared using the electronic medical record, and the nurse retrieved one Olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide 40/10/25 mg tablet and one Meclizine 25 mg tablet and placed them in a medication cup. The nurse entered the resident’s room and placed the cup on the resident’s table, stating, “here’s your medication,” before the surveyor intervened and directed review of the physician orders. Review of the resident’s orders showed the Olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide order included instructions to hold the medication if systolic blood pressure was less than 100, but the nurse had not checked the resident’s blood pressure before administration. The orders also showed Meclizine was prescribed at 12.5 mg, not the 25 mg tablet the nurse had prepared. In interview, the LPN confirmed she was prepared to administer the medications as set up, was unaware of the resident’s blood pressure status, and confirmed the Meclizine dose was incorrect. The unit manager stated medications were expected to be administered according to physician orders, with required vital signs obtained and medication dosage checked before administration. The resident’s care plan identified the resident as at risk for fluctuation in blood pressure and directed staff to administer medications as directed.
Medication Error Rate Exceeded Threshold
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that its medication error rate was not 5 percent or greater. Surveyors identified 3 medication errors out of 25 opportunities, resulting in a 12.0% error rate during medication administration observations for two residents. The report states that these failures could place residents at risk for incomplete therapeutic outcomes and decline in health. For one resident with Type 2 DM with hyperglycemia, cerebral infarction, heart failure, and severe cognitive impairment, RN A administered Novolog insulin at the resident’s deltoid area after the resident exposed her right arm, even though RN A stated insulin should be injected into fatty tissue in a subcutaneous area. The resident’s blood glucose was 255, and RN A had prepared both Novolog and Toujeo before entering the room. RN A stated she automatically gave the Novolog on the arm because the resident wanted it there. For another resident with constipation, essential hypertension, cerebral infarction, and severe cognitive impairment, MA A administered several oral medications but did not give the ordered artificial tears because they were not in the cart. MA A said she would get the medication from central supplies, went to an unidentified door, and then returned and signed off the EMAR after no one answered. Medication reconciliation later identified that the resident was also supposed to receive 2 tablets of Sennosides, and the DON stated staff were expected to audit and replenish carts and notify the nurse or unit manager if OTC medications were needed.
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