F0684

D

Failure to Recognize and Respond to Resident’s Decline and Worsening Infected Sacral Wound

Niles, Michigan Survey Completed on 02-10-2026

Penalty

No penalty information released

Summary

The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to identify and respond appropriately to an acute change in condition for one resident with a stage 4 sacral pressure ulcer, despite multiple signs of wound infection and functional decline. The resident was admitted with a sacral wound requiring a wound vac and had a care plan identifying risk for acute condition changes related to cardiopulmonary, metabolic, or infectious complications, with interventions including assessment, prompt practitioner notification, and effective communication among staff. Documentation of sacral wound symptoms showed repeated findings of increased drainage, foul odor, surrounding warmth, and edema on multiple dates, which were noted as indications of wound infection. Progress notes documented that the wound became larger, with necrotizing tissue and bone exposure, and that the peri-wound area was red and hot to touch.

On 12/29, an LPN attempted to change the wound vac dressing and observed the wound down to bone, necrotizing tissue between wounds, and a red, hot peri-wound area. The former DON was made aware and instructed the nurse to discontinue the wound vac, apply wet-to-dry dressings, and call the wound clinic. The LPN left a message with the wound clinic and also left a message for the NP for further instructions, and documented that the wound vac remained on hold pending further wound care evaluation. However, the NP’s 12/31 progress note indicated to continue the wound vac and follow up with a wound clinic appointment scheduled for mid-January, without documentation that the NP had been informed of the wound being hot to touch or of the full extent of the wound changes described by nursing staff. The clinical care coordinator later reported that the facility did not initially realize the resident was supposed to follow up with a wound clinic on 1/1 and that a referral was not submitted until 12/31, with an appointment scheduled for 1/14.

During this period, staff and the resident’s family repeatedly observed and reported the resident’s decline. The family member reported noticing increased confusion at a care conference, later finding the resident pale and ill, and being told that the sacral dressing had not been changed due to waiting on supplies. The family stated they continued to voice concerns about the resident’s decline, including that he could hardly talk and seemed confused or sedated, and that they contacted the social worker about these concerns. CNAs and LPNs reported that the resident, initially alert and requiring assistance of one for ADLs, became more confused, combative, unable to feed himself, and required more assistance. Nursing staff acknowledged that the wound looked worse, with black tissue and brownish slough, and that the resident’s drainage, odor, and tenderness increased, but there were gaps in documentation of these changes and uncertainty about whether and when the NP was notified. One LPN discovered an untreated right leg wound only when the resident was being sent to the hospital and did not believe there were treatment orders for it.

The NP reported being aware of general concerns about the resident’s decline and stated that around New Year’s she ordered labs, which were largely unremarkable except for an elevated CRP that she did not find concerning given the presence of a wound. The clinical support nurse’s internal review found that the facility had been made aware of family concerns about decline on 12/24, that the NP did not see the resident until 12/31, and that labs were not ordered until 12/30. The clinical support nurse also confirmed finding several missing treatments and missing documentation of the resident’s change in condition. On 1/8, when the NP saw the resident and noted that he did not look well and was not eating, she ordered transfer to the emergency room for altered mental status and possible infection. Hospital records documented that the resident arrived with altered mental status, a worsening sacral wound with erythema, fluctuance, purulence, and was diagnosed with septic shock from a necrotic sacral ulcer with osteomyelitis and bacteremia, along with additional pressure injuries and skin breakdown.

The facility’s Change in Resident Condition policy required prompt practitioner notification when there is a significant change in physical, mental, or psychosocial status, or when treatment needs to be significantly altered, and required objective observations of changes to be recorded in the record. In this case, despite repeated signs of wound infection, documented wound deterioration, functional and cognitive decline, and ongoing family and staff concerns, there were delays and gaps in practitioner notification, incomplete or missing documentation of changes, uncertainty about responsibility for contacting the NP and wound clinic, and missed or delayed wound treatments. These actions and inactions led to a delay in treatment for the resident, who was ultimately sent to the hospital and diagnosed with altered mental status and septic shock from a necrotic sacral ulcer with osteomyelitis.