Improper Private-Pay Billing for Medicare-Covered Stay Extension
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to limit charges against a resident’s personal funds for services covered by Medicare. A resident was admitted with chronic kidney disease stage 3, gait and mobility abnormalities, depression, and a history of transient ischemic attack, and had full Medicare coverage for 100 days through Kaiser upon admission. A NOMNC dated 3/17/23 indicated Medicare-covered services would end on 3/20/23 with discharge planned for 3/21/23, but this NOMNC was unsigned and lacked attestation. Despite this, the facility treated the NOMNC as effective and changed the resident’s payer status to private pay effective 3/21/23, based on the unsigned NOMNC and without providing the resident or resident representative with a notice of private pay costs. On 3/20/23, the resident experienced oxygen desaturation, was transferred to the hospital, and then returned to the facility early on 3/21/23. Progress notes showed that the discharge to a board and care was placed on hold for observation after the emergency room visit, and the attending physician ordered STAT labs and a chest x-ray, followed by continued monitoring and a later plan for discharge with home health and PCP follow-up. The resident ultimately remained in the facility and was discharged to a board and care on 3/24/23. During this extended stay, the Admissions Coordinator stated that if a resident returns from the hospital with remaining Medicare days, coverage should continue automatically, and acknowledged uncertainty about what happened with this resident’s coverage, as Medicare days were still remaining when the NOMNC was issued. The Business Office Manager and Traveling Business Office Manager reported that the facility did not request authorization from Kaiser for the resident’s continued stay after the hospital return and did not obtain an updated NOMNC with a new discharge date. Kaiser’s referral message on 3/21/23 documented a discharge date of 3/21/23 with 3/20/23 as the last covered day, and there was no documented authorization request by the facility. Relying on the unsigned NOMNC and without a Financial Responsibility Form or prior notification of non-covered services as required by the facility’s contract with Kaiser and its own policy on notice of covered and non-covered services, the facility billed the resident’s representative for three days of room and board and generated multiple collection letters before Kaiser ultimately paid the facility. This resulted in unnecessary billing, inconvenience, and potential emotional distress to the resident’s representative.
Penalty
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The facility improperly charged four residents’ trust accounts for private room and board during a month when each had documented Medi-Cal coverage. Business records showed that each resident’s trust account was debited the same substantial amount for private room and board while Eligibility Responses confirmed Medi-Cal benefits for that period, and payer setup information or billing practices reflected private pay status instead of Medi-Cal. The BOM acknowledged that these residents were switched from Medi-Cal to private pay despite having billable Medi-Cal benefits and that their trust funds should not have been charged, and the ADM confirmed residents are not supposed to be billed for Medi-Cal-covered services. The facility’s admission agreement also stated that a Medi-Cal-participating facility may not require a resident to remain in private pay status before converting to Medi-Cal coverage, and requested Medi-Cal billing policies were not provided.
Failure to inform Medicaid residents of covered basic haircuts: two residents were charged $15 for haircuts even though basic hair care was covered under the Medicaid per-diem rate. The admission packet and salon price list did not tell residents that a free basic haircut was available, and both residents said no one informed them of this benefit. The BOM stated the facility did not provide free basic haircuts, while the Administrator later stated Medicaid residents should be informed that the per diem covered basic haircuts.
A resident with multiple chronic diagnoses had Medicaid-related supplemental dental and vision premiums deducted from personal funds instead of being handled through the facility’s COC arrangement. Financial records showed repeated premium withdrawals, an additional unexplained deduction, and an overdeduction of COC, while the BOM, ARD, and POA stated the premiums were supposed to be paid by the facility and not charged to the resident’s account.
Failure to notify a resident’s representative of an accidental Narcan charge: A resident with dementia, cerebrovascular disease, and a BIMS score of 10 had orders for PRN tramadol and Narcan. The representative said the facility billed him for Narcan without telling him in advance or explaining reimbursement, and the DON said she had misunderstood the requirement and only spoke with families who came to her about the charge.
A resident was incorrectly billed for services that were covered by insurance after a successful appeal of a Medicare Non-Coverage notice. Due to failures in communication and documentation review, the facility changed the payer status to private pay/Medicaid pending and charged the resident's account, resulting in a significant outstanding balance despite insurance coverage being in place.
Improper Charge to Resident Personal Funds: A resident with severe cognitive impairment and dependence for multiple ADLs was admitted under Medicare with supplemental coverage, and billing records showed an overpayment of $8,170.50 tied to coinsurance. Staff interviews confirmed the resident had no share of cost and that the copay was covered by supplemental insurance, yet the refund was not received and follow-up stopped after an email to the prior biller.
Improper Charging of Resident Trust Funds for Medi-Cal-Covered Room and Board
Penalty
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to protect residents’ personal funds from being charged for services covered by Medi-Cal. For four residents whose records were reviewed, the facility debited their trust accounts for private room and board charges for a month in which they had documented Medi-Cal coverage. Facility business records, including the Trust - Transaction History and Activity Reports, showed that each of these residents’ trust accounts was debited $16,197.50 for private room and board for the same month. Eligibility Response documents dated at the beginning of that month indicated that each of these residents had Medi-Cal covered benefits for that period. Resident 7 was re-admitted with diagnoses including dementia, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, and had a BIMS score indicating severe cognitive impairment. Despite an Eligibility Response showing Medi-Cal coverage for the month in question, the Payer Setup Information showed that this resident was billed as private pay, and the trust account was debited $16,197.50 for private room and board. Resident 10, admitted with dementia and a psychotic disorder and documented to have fluctuating capacity but a BIMS score indicating cognitive intactness, similarly had Medi-Cal coverage per the Eligibility Response, yet the Payer Setup Information listed private pay status and the trust account was debited the same amount for private room and board. Resident 11, re-admitted with metabolic encephalopathy and dementia and documented as having capacity to make decisions, also had a Trust - Transaction History showing a $16,197.50 debit for private room and board for the month, while an Eligibility Response confirmed Medi-Cal coverage for that same period. Resident 12, re-admitted with metabolic encephalopathy, dementia, and altered mental status, had severe cognitive impairment per BIMS and a daughter listed as the responsible party. This resident’s Trust - Transaction History and Care Activity Report showed a $16,197.50 debit for private room and board for the month, despite an Eligibility Response confirming Medi-Cal benefits and Payer Setup Information indicating the resident was billed as private pay. In interviews, the Business Office Manager explained that the facility’s process is to recommend residents enroll in Medi-Cal as secondary insurance to avoid private pay charges when Medicare coverage ends, and stated that residents are only transferred to private pay when they do not have secondary insurance. The Business Office Manager acknowledged that on the first day of the month in question, each of the four residents was switched from Medi-Cal to private pay despite documented evidence of billable Medi-Cal benefits for that month, and that their trust accounts should not have been charged $16,197.50 for private room and board. The Administrator similarly stated that residents are not supposed to be charged for Medi-Cal covered benefits and confirmed that these four residents should not have been switched to private pay to cover services that Medi-Cal would have covered. The facility’s standard admission agreement also stated that no Medi-Cal-participating facility may require any resident to remain in private pay status before converting to Medi-Cal coverage, and requested Medi-Cal billing policies were not provided.
Failure to Inform Medicaid Residents of Covered Basic Haircuts
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to inform and provide a free basic haircut for two Medicaid residents, Resident #14 and Resident #75, even though Missouri Medicaid regulations listed basic hair care, including haircuts, as covered under the per-diem rate. Review of the facility’s admission packet showed that the appendix stated hairdresser and barber services were not included in the basic daily rate and were not covered by Medicare and Medicaid/Managed Medicaid programs, but it did not include information telling residents that a free basic haircut was available to Medicaid residents. The salon price list posted on the door also listed haircut services for $15 and did not mention a free basic haircut for Medicaid residents. The Resident Trust Box Log showed that both Resident #14 and Resident #75 were charged for haircuts. During interviews, Resident #14 and Resident #75 each stated that no one told them they could get a free basic haircut, and both expressed that this would have been helpful because of limited monthly funds. The Business Office Manager stated that the facility did not provide free basic haircuts or trims, although nursing assistants would shave and trim resident beards. The Administrator stated that if a resident could not afford a haircut, the facility would pay the beautician to provide one, and later stated that Medicaid residents should be informed that the Medicaid per diem covered the expense of basic haircuts.
Improper Deduction of Medicaid-Related Insurance Premiums from Resident Funds
Penalty
Summary
Charges were imposed against a resident’s personal funds for items that were documented as being paid under Medicaid, specifically supplemental dental and vision insurance premiums. The resident was admitted with multiple chronic conditions including multiple sclerosis, functional quadriplegia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, epilepsy, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and cognitive communication deficit. The resident’s record showed a Medicaid cost of care (COC) amount that was to be paid to the facility, and the supplemental insurance application indicated the monthly premiums were to be billed to the facility. The resident’s financial records showed repeated deductions from the resident’s personal funds account for insurance premiums, including multiple monthly premium withdrawals and an additional unexplained deduction. The facility also deducted an amount for COC that exceeded the documented COC amount. After these deductions, the resident’s account balance was reduced to a small remaining amount. The record review documented that the insurance premium deductions totaled $2,280.00 from the resident’s personal funds account, and the additional unexplained deduction brought the total deductions other than COC to $2,527.70. Interviews with the BOM, ARD, and the resident’s POA showed that the facility knew the supplemental dental and vision insurance was a Medicaid-related program and that the premiums were supposed to be handled through the facility’s COC arrangement, not from the resident’s personal funds. The BOM and ARD stated that the facility used the resident’s remaining account balance to pay overdue insurance premiums and back payments, and the ARD stated there was no documentation authorizing the facility to use the resident’s personal funds for those payments. The POA stated she was told the policy would be paid by the facility and would not affect the resident’s Social Security or Medicaid, and she later learned the facility had been making the payments from the resident’s account.
Failure to Notify Representative of Accidental Narcan Charge
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to notify one resident and the resident’s representative, both orally and in writing, about an accidental charge for Narcan and how to obtain reimbursement for that charge in a timely manner. Resident #41 was admitted with diagnoses including cerebrovascular disease, dementia, history of transient ischemic attack, anxiety disorder, and muscle weakness. The resident’s 11/5/25 MDS showed moderate cognitive impairment with a BIMS score of 10 out of 15 and need for partial to moderate assistance with most ADLs. Record review showed physician orders for tramadol 50 mg every six hours as needed for pain and Narcan nasal liquid 4 mg/.1 ml as needed for opioid overdose. The resident’s representative stated the facility did not tell him that Resident #41 would need Narcan and charged him for it, and he wanted to know how to get reimbursed. The DON stated she had misunderstood a requirement and believed Narcan needed to be available for each resident, acknowledged the resident’s representative should not have been billed, and said she had only spoken with families who came to her about the charge rather than notifying all families.
Resident Billed in Error for Covered Services After Successful Appeal
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure accurate billing practices by charging a resident's account for services that were covered by insurance after the resident successfully appealed a Notice of Medicare Non-Coverage (NOMNC). The resident was admitted under skilled nursing care following hospitalization and received a NOMNC, which was subsequently appealed. The appeal was successful, with the Quality Improvement Organization (QIO) determining that ending services was not appropriate due to the facility's failure to provide required documentation in a timely manner. Despite this, the facility transitioned the resident to Private Pay/Medicaid Pending status and began billing at a private pay rate, resulting in a significant outstanding balance. The error occurred because the facility did not properly communicate the appeal outcome or update the payer source accordingly. Staff failed to read and act on the QIO documentation, and the change in payer status was not relayed to the corporate Care Management Team. As a result, the resident was incorrectly billed for services that should have remained covered by insurance, leading to confusion and distress for the resident's representative, who was informed of a large outstanding balance and the need to remove the resident from the facility. The deficiency was attributed to corporate oversight and lack of communication between facility and corporate staff.
Improper Charge to Resident Personal Funds
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that a charge was not imposed against one resident’s personal funds for items or services covered under Medicare or Medicaid. Resident 79 was admitted with diagnoses of metabolic encephalopathy and sepsis and, on the 4/9/2025 MDS, was documented as severely cognitively impaired and dependent for multiple activities of daily living, including transfers, personal hygiene, footwear, and dressing, with substantial/maximal assistance needed for eating. A review of the resident’s account detail for the stay from 4/3/2025 through 6/13/2025 showed an ending balance of $8,170.50. During interviews and record review, the BOM and BOC stated the resident was under Medicare with supplemental insurance, had no share of cost, and that the copayment was covered by supplemental insurance. The billing records were reviewed with staff, and the amount reflected an overpayment of $8,170.50. Staff interviews also showed that the resident’s family and the previous biller had discussed the refund, and emails were sent to the prior biller regarding the resident’s request for reimbursement. The BOM stated there was no follow-up after the last email and that the refund was assumed to have been handled. The record review and interviews established that the resident had not received the reimbursement for the overpayment during the stay.
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