Failure to Supervise Exit-Seeking Resident Resulting in Unnoticed Elopement to Courtyard
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to provide adequate supervision and prevent elopement for a resident with known exit-seeking behaviors, resulting in the resident leaving the building and remaining outside unsupervised in cold weather. The resident had a diagnosis that included unspecified dementia and was severely cognitively impaired, with a Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMS) score of 3. Earlier assessments identified the resident as high risk for wandering on 6/24/25, low risk on 11/7/25, and again high risk on 12/31/25. A wander bracelet ordered in June 2025 for dementia and exit-seeking behaviors was discontinued on 10/28/25. On 12/8/25, a Social Services Progress Note documented that the resident was agitated, sitting in the lobby doorway, yelling that he wanted to go home, tapping on the door, and requiring redirection by nursing staff. The Social Worker later confirmed that these were exit-seeking behaviors and acknowledged that additional interventions such as increased monitoring and a wandering assessment should have been implemented but were not. On 12/30/25, staff documented in the Plan of Care Response History at 11:18 AM that the resident exhibited behavioral symptoms of wandering, noted that these behaviors had occurred previously, and documented that the nurse was notified. Multiple staff interviews confirmed that the resident was known to be exit-seeking on a daily basis and required frequent redirection, yet several CNAs and an LPN assumed the resident already had a wander guard in place when he did not. That evening, the resident was last observed by his assigned CNA watching television in the lobby a little after 7:00 PM. At approximately 7:28 PM, the resident exited the facility through the smokers’ courtyard door. The door was later found by the Maintenance Director to have a malfunction in which sustained pressure on the handle allowed it to open without sounding an alarm. Staff near the courtyard, including a CNA who had been in the breakroom by the exit until about 8:30 PM, reported not hearing any alarm and did not observe anything unusual during that time. The resident was eventually discovered outside when a CNA walking down the hall looked through the courtyard door and saw someone sitting on the patio. The CNA obtained another CNA, who identified the individual as the resident. The resident was brought back inside, and staff observed that he was shivering, rubbing his hands together, and that his hands appeared white or pale. The resident later stated he had gone outside at night because he wanted to meet his girlfriend, walked around the yard, and tried to come back in but found the door locked. He reported sitting outside for a long time before someone opened the door and stated he was shaking and very cold when he returned inside. Vital signs, including body temperature, were not obtained until the following morning at 10:50 AM. The incident occurred when outside temperatures were documented as ranging from 32 to 34 degrees Fahrenheit between 8:00 PM and 9:00 PM. The combination of the resident’s known exit-seeking behavior, lack of enhanced monitoring or wandering interventions after documented behaviors, discontinuation and absence of a wander bracelet, staff assumptions about his elopement protections, and a malfunctioning courtyard door that could be opened without an alarm led to the resident’s unsupervised exit and exposure to cold conditions. The situation was determined by the State Agency to constitute Immediate Jeopardy (IJ) and Substandard Quality of Care (SQC) at 42 CFR §483.25(d)(1)(2), Free of Accident Hazards/Supervision/Devices (F689), with an IJ level of scope and severity J beginning on 12/8/25, when the resident began exhibiting exit-seeking behaviors. The IJ and SQC were formally communicated to the facility’s Administrator on 1/12/26 at 4:30 PM, and the IJ template was provided. The IJ level was later reduced from J to D after validation that corrective actions in the facility’s removal plan had been completed, while the facility continued to develop and implement a plan of correction and monitor systemic changes for sustained compliance.
Removal Plan
- CNA found Resident #1 unattended on the courtyard patio, brought him back to the facility, and another CNA took him to his room and alerted the charge nurse.
- RN notified the DON that Resident #1 had exited the building and was found in the courtyard.
- DON notified the Administrator; Administrator instructed 1:1 monitoring for the remainder of the night, instructed DON to call Maintenance to check the door, and instructed that a head count of all residents be done immediately.
- DON notified Maintenance to return to the facility and check the door.
- Resident #1 was assessed by nursing with no ill effects.
- DON instructed a CNA to stay with Resident #1 1:1 for the remainder of the night.
- Maintenance checked the door, found it would open if the handle was compressed longer than 10 seconds, adjusted the bolt to disable the feature so the door would not open, and checked all doors and windows.
- Maintenance notified the DON that the door was corrected, room checks had been done, and all residents were accounted for.
- Resident #1 was assessed as a wandering risk and a signaling device was placed on his wrist for monitoring.
- Social Services updated the Residents at Risk for Elopement in the Elopement Binder.
- Elopement drills were started.
- The Administrator reported the incident to the Mississippi State Department of Health and Licensure.
- The Mississippi Attorney General's Office was notified of the incident.
- An Ad-Hoc QAPI meeting was held to discuss the incident and findings from the State Surveyor.
- The DON conducted an audit of residents at risk for elopement to review wander risk care plans for those residents identified as at risk for wandering.
- In-services began for all staff on elopement, resident rights, proper door functioning, abuse/neglect/reporting, and notifying staff of observed behaviors; staff were not allowed to work until the in-service was completed.
- A revised Ad-Hoc QAPI meeting was held to discuss the incident and findings from the State Surveyor.
- Audit findings for residents at risk for elopement were reviewed with the Administrator, DON, and ADON.
- The Ombudsman was notified.
Penalty
Resources
Below are regulatory guidelines relevant to this citation:
Failure to ensure effective fall alarms and supervision: two residents had Smart Caregiver monitoring devices set to LOW volume, and one resident's bed alarm did not alert staff before the resident was found on the floor after an unwitnessed fall. One resident had dementia, osteoporosis, prior TIA, and cognitive impairment and was fully dependent on staff, while staff also found that a second resident's bed and recliner alarms did not activate properly during testing.
Failure to assess the safety of perimeter mattresses for two residents. Both residents had severely impaired cognition and significant mobility limitations, and both care plans included use of a perimeter mattress to define the edges of the bed. However, their Mobility, Physical Device, and Fall Risk assessments lacked documentation of a perimeter/defined edge mattress assessment. Staff interviews showed inconsistent understanding of the required order, IDT review, engineering review, and safety assessment before use.
Improper Mechanical Lift Transfers: A resident with dementia, spinal cord dysfunction, and dependence for transfers was supposed to be moved with a full-body mechanical lift and two staff members, but a TMA stated she transferred the resident alone. The resident reported that staff sometimes used only one person for lift transfers because of staffing shortages, while other staff and the DON stated this was unsafe and against policy.
Two residents were involved in accident-hazard deficiencies. One resident with cancer, PVD, and Alzheimer’s disease was observed in a wheelchair with feet extending past short footrests, with the lower legs resting against the hard footrests despite a care plan entry for padding. Another resident with dementia and a hx of falls had an unwitnessed fall, but ordered orthostatic BP monitoring was not completed accurately and staff reported no post-fall PT referral was received.
A resident was given a new electric wheelchair without a prior therapy assessment and could not stop the chair, causing it to strike a bed frame and resulting in a leg laceration, tibia/fibula fractures, and a syncopal episode from blood loss. Another resident with cognitive impairment and high fall risk continued to self-transfer and fall, but the care plan was not updated with new fall interventions after repeated incidents.
A CNA used a Hoyer lift alone to weigh one resident, and another CNA was observed using a Hoyer lift alone to weigh a second resident. One resident’s care plan called for a 2-assist Hoyer lift, and the facility’s lift competency checklist and policy both required two caregivers for mechanical lift use; the DON and Director of Therapy also stated that two staff members are always required.
Failure to Ensure Effective Fall Alarms and Supervision
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to provide adequate supervision and effective use of assistive fall-prevention devices for two residents who were reviewed for fall precautions. One resident had diagnoses including unspecified dementia, age-related osteoporosis, a history of transient ischemic attack, and cognitive impairment, and was described by the POA as weak, bedbound, and unable to participate in physical therapy after a prior right femur fracture. The resident was completely dependent on staff for eating, hygiene, mobility, and toileting, and the care plan included a bed alarm per orders. The resident was found on the floor next to the bed after an unwitnessed fall. The POA reported receiving a call from the facility that the resident had been found on the floor and was not injured, and stated the resident frequently forgot to ask for help and had tried to get up without assistance before. A nurse stated the bed alarm was not heard when the resident fell, and the facility was unable to provide evidence that the bed alarm functioned as intended or alerted staff before the resident was found on the floor. The event report identified the fall as unwitnessed and did not indicate that a bed alarm alerted staff. The facility also failed to ensure the Smart Caregiver sensor pad monitoring system used for another resident was functioning properly and set at an audible volume. Two Smart Caregiver monitor boxes at the nurses' station for that resident's bed and recliner were observed set to LOW volume, and the chime settings faced the back wall of the desk. When a CNA tested the recliner alarm from the resident's room, the monitor at the nurses' station did not illuminate or sound an alert on either attempt. The CNA changed the batteries but did not retest the device, and both CNAs stated they could hear alarms only if they were near the nurses' station and did not recall training on operation or testing of the devices. The facility director stated the facility did not perform preventive maintenance on the devices and relied on staff to ensure they functioned properly.
Failure to Assess Safety of Perimeter Mattresses
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that 2 residents with perimeter mattresses were assessed for safety. One resident had a significant change MDS showing severely impaired cognition, dementia, reduced mobility, muscle weakness, and need for assistance with bed mobility, sitting, standing, and transfers. That resident’s care plan identified limited physical mobility related to dementia with mood disturbance and anxiety, a genetic muscle disorder, spinal stenosis, and osteoarthritis, and included use of a perimeter mattress to help find the edges of the bed for bed mobility. However, the resident’s Mobility, Physical Device, and Fall Risk assessment lacked documentation of an assessment for a perimeter/defined edge mattress. The second resident’s annual MDS showed severely impaired cognition, dementia, multiple sclerosis, repeated falls, and need for partial to moderate assistance with bed mobility. The care plan identified limited physical mobility related to weakness, falls, incontinence, hypertension, renal disease, dementia, MS, depression, and delusional disorder, and included use of a bariatric sized bed with a perimeter mattress to define the edges of the bed. That resident’s Mobility Physical Device and Fall Risk assessment also lacked documentation of an assessment for a perimeter/defined edge mattress. During observation, the resident was in bed asleep with a perimeter mattress. Staff interviews showed differing understanding of whether a physician order, assessment, IDT review, engineering review, and safety assessment were required before use of a perimeter mattress, and the DON confirmed both residents’ most recent assessments lacked documentation of a perimeter/defined edge mattress assessment.
Improper Mechanical Lift Transfers
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure transfers were performed according to R24’s assessed needs, care plan interventions, and facility policy. R24’s records showed she had diagnoses including non-traumatic spinal cord dysfunction, diabetes, dementia, depression, heart failure, and asthma. She was dependent on staff for toileting and transfers, was frequently incontinent of bowel and bladder, and had care plan directions for assistance with transfers using a full-body mechanical lift and two staff members. During interviews, a TMA stated she transferred R24 with the full-body mechanical lift by herself because R24 needed to use the bathroom and she felt the transfer was safe. R24 stated staff sometimes transferred her with only one staff member and said they told her there was not enough staff. Other staff interviewed stated transfers with the full-body mechanical lift using one staff member were unsafe and should not occur. The facility policy for using a mechanical lift stated that at least two trained associates are needed to safely move a resident with a mechanical full-body floor-based lift or ceiling/overhead full-body lift.
Unsafe Wheelchair Fit and Incomplete Post-Fall Monitoring
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to provide an environment free from accident hazards for two residents. Resident 27 was readmitted with diagnoses including cancer, peripheral vascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease and was sometimes able to make needs known. On multiple observations, Resident 27 was seated in a slightly tilted back wheelchair with feet extending beyond the footrests, and the back of the lower legs rested against the hard footrests above the ankle/heel area. A pillow was observed either on the floor or behind the legs rather than padding the footrests. The focused care plan for skin integrity included padding to wheelchair footrests, and staff interviews confirmed the footrests were too short and needed adjustment or replacement, but staff had not notified therapy or otherwise addressed the wheelchair fit. Resident 50 was admitted with diagnoses including dementia, history of falls, and UTI and was sometimes able to make needs known. The care plan identified the resident as at risk for falls. After an unwitnessed fall in the 300 hallway, the incident investigation added interventions to monitor orthostatic blood pressures and refer to physical therapy. However, the record showed an orthostatic blood pressure order on 05/20/2026 was not completed, and subsequent orthostatic blood pressures recorded the same blood pressure and pulse for all three positions on 05/22/2026, 05/23/2026, and 05/24/2026. Staff later stated they had not received a post-fall therapy referral, and the DNS stated the resident should have had orthostatic blood pressures taken accurately to rule out orthostatic hypotension.
Failure to assess electric wheelchair use and update fall interventions
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to comprehensively assess a resident for the use of an electric wheelchair and failed to develop new interventions to reduce fall risk for another resident. The report states that the facility’s policies required a device evaluation before an electric wheelchair was initiated, resident education and consent, and an updated service plan identifying device use and other interventions. The fall management policy required individualized care plan updates, a systematic review after each fall, identification of root cause, and review of prior interventions when new interventions were implemented. Resident 73 was admitted with weakness and lymphedema and had an above-the-knee left leg amputation, requiring assistance with bed mobility, transfers, and locomotion. The resident’s record showed cognitive intactness, lower extremity impairment, supervision or touch assistance for bed-to-chair transfers, and use of a manual wheelchair. On 4/17/26, a newly issued electric wheelchair was delivered and the resident was assisted into it. The resident reported that the representative showed how the chair worked but not enough, and that the resident did not know how to stop it. The resident then returned to the room, could not stop the chair, and the chair continued forward into the bed, causing the resident’s right leg to strike the metal bed frame. The resident sustained a five-centimeter laceration to the right anterior lower leg, fractures of the right tibia and fibula, and a brief syncopal episode secondary to blood loss. The resident also received an anticoagulant, which contributed to significant bleeding. The clinical record contained no evidence that the resident had been assessed to safely operate the electric wheelchair before use. Resident 3 was admitted with a right total hip replacement with deep hardware removal and post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the right hip. The resident had a high fall risk on Morse Fall Scale assessments, cognitive impairment on OT evaluation, and a PT evaluation showing a score of zero on the Short Physical Performance Battery, indicating high fall risk and increased risk of mobility disability. The resident fell on 3/31/26 after getting up independently and sustained a right femur fracture requiring surgical repair, and fell again on 5/12/26 after getting up independently and sustained a skin tear to the right elbow. The care plan identified fall risk and included reminders to use the call light, non-skid socks, and one-person assistance for toileting and transfers, but revisions to the care plan did not add new or amended fall prevention interventions. Staff statements indicated the resident continued to self-transfer and toilet without assistance, staff believed the resident was independent, and the existing fall prevention interventions were ineffective.
Unsafe One-Person Use of Mechanical Lift
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure safe use of a mechanical lift for 2 of 3 residents reviewed for accidents. During an observation on 6/2/2026 at 8:42 AM, Resident #4 was lying on his bed on top of a Hoyer pad while CNA Staff K stood on the right side of the bed with a mechanical lift; the lift hand bags were observed over the resident, and no other staff member was in the room. Staff K stated that he was weighing Resident #4 and that normally only one person uses the Hoyer lift for weights, although the resident’s care plan documented a Hoyer lift with 2 assist. On 6/4/2026 at 10:15 AM, CNA Staff D was observed using a Hoyer lift alone to obtain Resident #13’s weight, with the resident lifted approximately 12 inches off the mattress in the sling and no other staff present. Staff D stated that he was performing weekly weights and most of the time did the weights using the Hoyer lift by himself. Resident #13’s MDS Section GG coded the resident as dependent, and the facility’s mechanical lift competency checklist stated that two caregivers are present, while the facility policy for using a mechanical lifting device stated that at least two nursing assistants are needed to safely move a resident with a mechanical lift. The DON and Director of Therapy both stated that a mechanical lift should always be used by two staff members.
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