Menu Substitution Deficiency in LTC Facility
Summary
The facility failed to ensure that menus were followed as written, resulting in food items being omitted or substituted without informing the residents. This deficiency was observed during the Dining Observation task for five residents. The facility's policy requires that any menu substitutions be documented, including the reason for the substitution, and that these changes be visible to residents. However, the survey found that items such as milk, salad, and tartar sauce were crossed out on tray tickets without appropriate substitutions or notifications to the residents. Several residents with varying degrees of cognitive impairment were affected by these omissions. For instance, one resident with severe cognitive impairment was served a dinner tray missing milk, which was crossed out on the tray ticket. Another resident, also with severe cognitive impairment, was served a tray missing assorted juice, which was similarly crossed out. These omissions were not documented in the menu substitution log, and the residents were not informed of the changes. Interviews with staff revealed inconsistencies in the handling of menu substitutions. Certified Nursing Assistants and Dietary Aides indicated that items were crossed out when unavailable, but there was no consistent process for substituting or notifying residents. The Director of Food Service and the Registered Dietitian were not always consulted on these changes, which is contrary to the facility's policy. This lack of communication and documentation led to the deficiency noted in the survey.
Plan Of Correction
Plan of Correction: Approved January 16, 2025 Element 1 F803 Corrective Actions for Residents Identified: The Registered Dietitian reviewed menus for residents #97, #156, #212, #252, and #271 to ensure they met their nutritional needs as per national guidelines (e.g., Dietary Guidelines for Americans, RDA). The Registered Dietitian interviewed residents or resident representatives #252, #271, and #212 to review and discuss their meal preferences. Meal tickets were adjusted to reflect their preferences. Residents #97 and #156 were discharged, and no changes were required. Dietary staff immediately received training on following planned menus and compliance with meal tickets. Element 2 All residents have the potential to be affected by this practice. All residents were immediately audited to ensure all dietary preferences were being met. All meal tickets were reviewed to ensure that what was printed on the resident's meal ticket was being served; no issues were identified. Element 3 Systemic Changes: Policy and Procedure for Resident food Preferences were reviewed, and no revisions were required. All menus will be reviewed and approved quarterly by a licensed RD to ensure nutritional adequacy and compliance with guidelines. Monthly Food Committee meetings will be scheduled to ensure menus reflect resident preferences while maintaining nutritional needs. Food purchasing, inventory management, and meal preparation will be implemented to ensure timely adherence to planned menus. Dietary staff will be in-serviced regarding menu preference, menu item substitution, and adherence to meal tickets on the tray line. The new process was implemented to notify residents of any menu substitution by posting changes in each nursing unit. This new process will be discussed at the next resident council meeting on (MONTH) 21, 2025. An audit tool was developed to monitor compliance. Element 4 Monitoring of Corrective Actions: 10 resident trays will be audited daily for 30 days to confirm that meals served match planned menus, resident preferences, and nutritional standards are being met. Documentation will be maintained of all menu changes, resident-specific adjustments, and training sessions. The RD will conduct quarterly audits x 2 quarters to monitor menu compliance and resident preferences, including nutritional analysis. The audit results will be shared with the administrator monthly. QAPI Integration will include menu compliance as a standing agenda in QAPI Meetings for 2 quarters. The Audit results, including resident feedback and RD recommendations, will be reviewed during QAPI meetings to identify and implement further improvements for 2 quarterly meetings. QAPI Committee will make sure to figure out if further action is required. Element 5 Completion Date: (MONTH) 12, 2025 Persons Responsible: Registered Dietitian, Food Service Director, and Food Service Supervisor.
Penalty
Resources
Below are regulatory guidelines relevant to this citation:
Meal tickets and the menu did not match the food actually served. Surveyors observed that a resident with intact cognition and several other residents did not receive items listed on their tickets, including soup, salad, pineapple, English muffins, and pudding. The FSD said soup was not offered during summer months per company policy, and the Dietitian should have updated the tickets; Staff F acknowledged the mismatch, and the DON said the discrepancies had been an ongoing concern.
A resident with dysphagia and malnutrition received a mechanical soft lunch tray without gravy on the meat, and dietary staff could not identify or follow the correct menu and scoop sizes. The cook said she had not been told the proper scoop sizes, and the DM was unsure where the extended menus were. The next day, the DM served puree residents pinto beans and sausage using two 4-oz scoops instead of the 6-oz portion listed on the dietary spreadsheet. The RD, DON, and Administrator all stated the correct serving sizes and menu directions were expected to be followed.
Incorrect Modified Texture Diets Served: A resident with dysphagia and other residents on modified texture diets were served the wrong meal consistency after staff failed to read the full meal ticket. The resident received an unaltered piece of pizza, began choking in the dining room, and required the Heimlich maneuver and other emergency interventions. Staff later confirmed that residents ordered soft and bite sized, minced and moist, or other mechanically altered diets had been given incorrect foods.
Pureed Diet Menu Items Not Served: Seven residents ordered pureed diets were served lunch without the pureed wheat rolls listed on the approved menu. The cook verified the menu, pureed the broccoli and chicken, but forgot to puree the rolls, and all seven pureed trays were served without them. The CDM and Administrator confirmed the menu should be followed.
Dietary Staff Did Not Follow Ordered Therapeutic Diets and Resident Preferences: Two residents with severe cognitive impairment and swallowing-related diet needs were served meals that did not match their ordered diets or stated preferences. One resident ordered pureed meals with small portions and double protein but received divided portions that did not provide the ordered protein amount, while another resident who wanted meat ground into small pieces was served whole meat patties and ate little of the meal.
Menu portion sizes were not followed for chopped and puree diet items when staff used a 3 oz spoodle, a #8 dipper, and a #12 dipper instead of the #10 and #6 dippers listed on the preplanned menu. An employee and the Dietary Supervisor both confirmed the utensils used did not match the menu, and the Dietary Supervisor said the shortage of serving dippers/scoops contributed to the issue and that residents could potentially be affected by weight loss.
Meal tickets and menu items did not match served meals
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to follow the weekly menu by not providing soup daily as listed on the menu for 4 of 4 units, and it also failed to ensure that residents’ meal tickets matched the meals actually served. During surveyor observation and resident interviews, Resident ID #93, who had diagnoses including type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure and had a BIMS score of 15 of 15, stated that meal tickets did not always match what was served and that soup was not provided even though the slips indicated soup every day. During lunch service on 6/30/2026, surveyors observed that Resident ID #12 did not receive soup and was served Jello instead of chocolate pudding, Resident ID #45 did not receive a side salad, and Residents ID #12, 20, 56, and 76 did not receive pineapple listed on their meal tickets. During breakfast service on 7/1/2026, surveyors observed that Residents ID #12, 20, 56, and 76 did not receive English muffins listed on their meal tickets. The Food Service Director stated that the facility does not offer soup during the summer months per company policy and that the Dietitian should have updated the residents’ meal tickets for accuracy. Staff F acknowledged that the meal tickets and food served on the nursing units did not match, and the DON stated that residents are expected to receive the items listed on the menu and that discrepancies between menu listings and meal tickets had been an ongoing concern.
Incorrect meal portions and missing gravy on mechanical soft trays
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure meals served met residents’ nutritional needs during lunch service. For Resident #2, a male with morbid obesity, unspecified protein-calorie malnutrition, and a physician order for a regular diet with mechanical soft texture and thin liquids related to dysphagia, the lunch tray observed on 06/29/26 included stuffed bell peppers and okra, but the mechanical soft meat did not have gravy. During the observation, Dietary Manager C and [NAME] E both stated the mechanical soft bell pepper should have had gravy or some type of liquid consistency on it, and [NAME] E said she was not sure where the lunch menu was or what scoop size to use. During the same meal service, [NAME] E stated she had been the cook for about a month and had not been told by anyone, including the dietitian, about the scoop size to use. She said she used a large spoon for puree and a green scoop for regular and mechanical soft foods, but did not know the size of either utensil and served whatever scoop she had. Dietary Manager C also stated she was not sure where the extended menus were or what serving size should have been served for the regular, mechanical soft, or puree lunch. After calling a sister facility or the dietitian, she was told the mechanical soft serving size for stuffed bell pepper and okra should have been 4 ounces, while the regular diet should have received 1 stuffed bell pepper and 4 ounces of okra. When the surveyor and [NAME] E measured the mechanical soft bell pepper, it measured 3 ounces instead of the 4-ounce serving size. On 06/30/26, the Dietary Manager served two scoops of pinto beans and sausage using a 4-ounce scoop for two residents on a puree diet. Later, the Dietary Manager stated she was supposed to give 6 ounces and could not locate the dietary spreadsheet to verify the serving size. The Registered Dietitian stated the correct serving size should be used with all meals, that kitchen staff should use the spreadsheet when serving, and that the spreadsheet indicated the serving size for pinto beans and sausage as well as the need for gravy on mechanical soft meats. The DON and Administrator both stated they expected dietary staff to use the correct serving size and to provide gravy or sauce on mechanical soft diets when called for by the menu.
Incorrect Modified Texture Diets Served
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure mechanically altered diets were served as prescribed for 6 of 6 residents with physician-ordered modified texture diets. Resident 1 had diagnoses including hemiplegia/hemiparesis, failure to thrive, and dysphagia, and her records showed she required a mechanically altered diet with supervision while eating because of choking risk. Her physician order specified a heart healthy level 6 soft and bite sized diet, and her care plan also directed a soft and bite sized diet. On the evening of the incident, Resident 1 was served an incorrect diet and received an unaltered piece of pizza. She began choking in the dining room, and nursing staff responded with the Heimlich maneuver, abdominal thrusts, and back blows. The dislodged food was described as a piece of pizza crust. Nursing staff later confirmed that Resident 1 had been given the wrong food consistency and that the meal served to residents on mechanically altered diets that evening was incorrect. The same meal service issue affected other residents with modified texture diets, including residents with dysphagia, dementia, and cognitive impairment who were documented as needing mechanically altered, minced and moist, or soft and bite sized diets. During observation, staff were seen using diet slips to serve the midday meal, and the administrator stated that residents prescribed modified texture diets had received incorrect diets. The cook stated she had not read the whole meal ticket and only read the diet consistency, which led to the wrong meal being served.
Pureed Diet Menu Items Not Served
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to serve all menu items to seven residents who were ordered pureed diets. During a lunch meal observation, the cook reviewed the diet sheet, verified the menu items to be served, and stated there were seven residents prescribed pureed diets. She pureed eight servings of broccoli and chicken but did not puree the wheat rolls. During the continuous lunch service observation, all seven pureed diets were served without pureed wheat rolls. A menu review later showed that one wheat roll was included in each pureed diet on the approved menu. The cook stated she forgot to include the dinner roll in the pureed diets during preparation and service, and the CDM asked whether the roll had been added to the other pureed items, to which the cook replied no. The Administrator stated the menu should be followed.
Dietary Staff Did Not Follow Ordered Therapeutic Diets and Resident Preferences
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure dietary staff served meals that met residents’ therapeutic needs and preferences for 2 of 5 residents reviewed for diet orders. Resident #18 had diagnoses including diabetes, aphasia, and morbid obesity, was severely cognitively impaired with a BIMS score of 0, and was dependent on staff for eating. The resident’s physician order called for a regular diet with pureed texture, thin consistency, small portions, and double protein. During observation, dietary staff prepared pureed lunch items by blending three servings of country fried steak with beef broth and dividing the protein between two residents, giving Resident #18 1.5 servings instead of the ordered double protein and also dividing pureed carrots, mashed potatoes, and bread so the resident received 1.5 servings of each item. Resident #49 had diagnoses including stroke, chronic respiratory failure, and malnutrition, with severe cognitive impairment and dependence on staff for eating. The resident’s order was for a general diet with mechanical soft texture and nectar consistency for pleasure per request, and records noted dysphagia following cerebral infarction with speech therapy recommendations for pureed food. During observation, the resident was served a whole barbeque pork rib patty on one meal and a whole chicken fried steak patty on another, and staff had to cut up the meat or the resident refused to eat it. The resident stated she did not ask for meat to be served whole and wanted it ground into small pieces. The dietary manager stated the resident had previously sent back mechanical soft food and requested regular meat instead of ground meat.
Menu Portion Sizes Not Followed for Texture-Modified Diets
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to follow the planned menu and the posted scoop and dipper sizes for texture-modified diets. The Spring/Summer 2026 menu specified that chopped Hamburger Steak for lunch on Tuesday, 06/23/2026, was to be served with a #10 dipper, and Puree Lasagna for dinner that same day was to be served with a #6 dipper. On Wednesday, 06/24/2026, the menu specified that chopped Fried Chicken and Puree Fried Chicken for lunch were each to be served with a #10 dipper. The facility’s diet manual and menu policy stated that menus are to be preplanned, followed, and include the correct portion size for each modified diet item. During observations, a 3 oz. spoodle was used for chopped Hamburger Steak at lunch, a #8 dipper was used for Puree Lasagna at dinner, and a 3 oz. spoodle was used for chopped Fried Chicken while a #12 dipper was used for Puree Fried Chicken at lunch. The Dietary Supervisor and an employee both stated the menu was not followed and acknowledged that the utensils used were not equal to the portion sizes listed on the menu. The Dietary Supervisor also stated there was a shortage of serving dippers/scoops because some had broken, and that the residents could potentially be affected by weight loss from the menu not being followed.
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